Which of the following describes the operation of an autoclave?

The operation of an autoclave is best described by employing high temperatures and pressure to sterilize equipment. Autoclaves work by using steam at high pressure, which raises the temperature of the steam significantly above boiling point, typically around 121 degrees Celsius (250 degrees Fahrenheit) or more. This environment is crucial because it effectively kills bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores, ensuring that equipment and materials are free from contamination before use.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect how an autoclave functions. Low temperatures are ineffective for sterilization, as they may not adequately kill pathogens. Creating a vacuum is a process associated with some sterilization methods, but autoclaves primarily use pressure and steam rather than vacuum. Constant airflow for cooling does not relate to the autoclave's sterilization cycle, as its purpose is focused on the application of heat and pressure to achieve sterilization rather than cooling samples.