In DNA, what do the bases A, T, G, and C represent?

In DNA, the bases A, T, G, and C represent the nucleotides Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine, respectively. These nucleotide bases are fundamental building blocks of DNA and play critical roles in storing and transmitting genetic information. Adenine pairs with Thymine and Guanine pairs with Cytosine, forming the base pairs that stabilize the DNA structure through hydrogen bonding.

The specificity of these base pairings is crucial for the accurate replication of DNA during cell division and for the proper function of genes when they are expressed. By understanding that A denotes Adenine, T stands for Thymine, G signifies Guanine, and C represents Cytosine, one can appreciate how the sequence of these nucleotides ultimately determines the genetic code needed for life processes.

Other options listed present incorrect associations. The mention of Glycerol, Arginine, or Cysteine demonstrates misunderstandings of genetic terminology, as these compounds do not constitute the bases of DNA. Glycerol is a component of lipids, Arginine is an amino acid, and while Cysteine is also an amino acid, it does not substitute for Cytosine in DNA. Therefore, only the correct choice provides